8045-10-1.6-04【PDF 1/2 页】BATTERY CHARGER 5A 10 CELLS

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The N ICKLE M INDER Model 8045 is a battery charger

with two key characteristics. First, the N ICKLE M INDER

is designed to support Nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal

Hydride batteries. Full charge is determined by the most so-

phisticated microchip designed expressly for that purpose.

Full charge may be established based on zero slope voltage

detect, or rate of temperature increase. Secondly, the

N ICKLE M INDER is a programmed charger, with custom cell

count and capacity tailored for the individual battery pack at

the time of purchase at no extra charge.

CHARGE ALGORITHYM:

1. SOFT START CHARGE : the current increases

gradually over the first two minutes from approxi-

mately one fifth of the bulk charge current up to the

user selected bulk charge rate.

2. BULK CHARGE : current is supplied to the bat-

tery at the rate programmed into the charger for the

unique battery pack.

3. TOPPING CHARGE: current is supplied for two

hours at a C/10 rate to complete the charge cycle.

4. MAINTENANCE CHARGE : current is supplied at

a C/40 rate until the battery is disconnected from the

charger.

The following graph illustrates the ideal charge curve of a

NiCad battery. The 8045 charger uses the four phase charg-

ing cycle outlined above. The charge cycle is broken down

into approximately one second intervals. Within an interval,

the charger will first supply the current it is programmed for

as a bulk charge current. At the end of approximately one

second, the current is shut off for 8 milliseconds. Then the

current is reversed, discharging the battery at two and a half

times the bulk charge rate for 5 milliseconds. The charger is

quiet for 16 milliseconds, during which time a voltage mea-

surement is made, and the results stored. The Model 8045

calculates the first derivative of the curve produced by these

N ICKLE M INDER 8045

voltage measurements. When the first derivative goes to zero,

the charger terminates the bulk charge phase and moves to

the “Topping” phase. The graph, Charge Tertmination Cri-

teria , shows the Model 8045 voltage curve as it brings a

battery from full discharge to full charge. Because the Model

8045 is programmable over such a wide range of cell count

and capacity, the data is given in “Volts per Cell”.

Following the Soft Start phase, the Model 8045 supplies to

the battery a constant current of C/4 to 4C amperes, depend-

ing on the bulk charge programming. As the battery reaches

its capacity, the Model 8045 can terminate charging based on

either voltage slope parameters or temperature slope param-

eters. Absent such an indication, an override timer will

terminate charge.

The management of the current flowing to the battery during

this process is critical if the process of energy storage is to

be optimized. Nickel cells, Cadmium or Metal Hydride are

charged at a constant current until the charge storage pro-

cess is complete. The sophisticated operation of detecting

this completion requires a computer. By selecting the proper

program for the battery type being charged, the Model 8045

Average

Soft-Start

Fast Charge

Topping Charge

Maintenance Charge

Current

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

2 min

Time

termination

termination + 2 hours

Figure 1

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